Illegal wildlife trafficking occurs in nearly 30 per cent of world’s most
protected areas
近30％的非法野生動物交易發生在世界上最受保護的區域
Posted on 18 April 2017
Gland, Switzerland – A new WWF report published today urges for additional
and immediate measures to halt the worrying trend in illegal trafficking for
international trade of CITES-listed species in the world’s most ecologically
important places, including World Heritage Sites.
一份由WWF今天新發佈的報告，催促要使用額外和立即的措施來阻止在世界上最重要的生態
環境中CITES物種名單上令人擔心的非法交易趨勢，其中包含了世界遺產的地區。
Known for their iconic beauty, geology, ecology and biodiversity, natural
World Heritage sites across the globe support large populations of rare plant
and animal species, including almost a third of the world’s remaining 3,890
wild tigers and 40 per cent of all African elephants, and function as the
last refuge for critically endangered species such as Javan rhinos in
Indonesia and vaquitas, the world’s smallest porpoise, endemic to Mexico’s
Gulf of California.
以其標誌性的美麗，地質學，生態學和生物多樣性而聞名，全球各地的自然世界遺產都供
養大量罕見的植物和動物物種，其中包括世界上三分之一剩餘的3,890隻野虎和近40％的非
洲大象，以及作為瀕危物種的最後一個避難所，如印度尼西亞的爪哇犀牛和加利福尼亞州
墨西哥灣地區的小頭鼠海豚。
Yet despite their recognised value and protected status, the report found
that illegal poaching, logging and fishing occur in nearly 30 per cent of
natural and mixed World Heritage sites, driving endangered species to the
brink of extinction and putting the livelihoods and wellbeing of communities
who depend on them at risk.
然而，儘管報告認為其價值和受到保護，但報告發現近30%的非法盜獵，伐木和捕魚事件發
生在自然和混合世界遺產遺址，將瀕臨絕種的物種引向瀕臨滅絕的境地，並將依靠他們生
計和福祉的社區置處於危險之中。
“Natural World Heritage sites are among the most recognised natural sites
for their universal value. Yet many are threatened by destructive industrial
activities and our new report shows that their often unique animals and
plants are also affected by overexploitation and trafficking. Unless they are
protected effectively, we will lose them forever. Governments must redouble
their efforts and address the entire wildlife trafficking value chain, before
it’s too late.” says Marco Lambertini, Director General at WWF
International. “We urgently need more collaboration and integration between
CITES, the World Heritage Convention and national authorities to lead a more
coordinated, comprehensive response to halt wildlife trafficking - from
harvesting of species in source countries, transportation through processing
destinations, to sales in consumer markets.”
“自然世界遺產是其最普遍價值的公認天然遺址之一。然而，許多動物受到破壞性的工業
活動的威脅，我們的新報告顯示，這些獨特的動物和植物也受到過度開發和販運的影響
。除非得到有效保護，否則我們將永遠失去他們。政府必須加倍努力，在為時已晚前處理
整個野生動物販運價值鏈。“世界自然基金會國際總幹事Marco Lambertini說。 “我們
迫切需要”瀕危物種貿易公約“，”世界遺產公約“和國家當局之間進行更多協調和整合
，以引導更加協調一致的全面反應，制止野生動植物販運 - 從源國收割物種，通過加工
目的地運輸到消費市場銷售。 “
Illegal harvesting of species in World Heritage sites degrades vital social
and economic benefits. More than 90 per cent of natural World Heritage sites
support recreation and tourism as well as provide jobs. Many of these
benefits are dependent on the presence of CITES-listed species. Illegal
harvesting also alters the natural ecosystem. Around five per cent of the
Sumatran tiger population was killed in 2016 alone and if current levels of
poaching and trade continue, tigers could disappear from the wild on Sumatra
and lead to a reduced incentive to protect forests and result in further
wide-scale deforestation for palm oil plantations.
世界遺產地非法收穫物種會降低重要的社會和經濟效益。 90％以上的自然世界遺產支持
娛樂和旅遊，並提供就業機會。許多這些好處取決於CITES列出的物種的存在。非法收穫
也改變了自然生態系統。大約5％的蘇門答臘虎種群在2016年就被殺害，如果目前的偷獵
和貿易水平繼續下降，老虎可能會從蘇門答臘的野外消失，導致對森林保護的動力降低，
進一步導致大規模棕櫚油種植園遭到毀滅。
“This report provides a range of options to further enhance coordination
between CITES and the World Heritage Convention, focused around World
Heritage sites” says John Scanlon, CITES Secretary-General. “It is
essential that CITES is fully implemented and that these irreplaceable sites
are fully protected. In doing so, we will benefit our heritage and our
wildlife, provide security to people and places, and support national
economies and the rural communities that depend on these sites for their
livelihoods.”
CITES秘書長John Scanlon說：“本報告提供了一系列選擇，以進一步加強”世界遺產公
約“與”世界遺產公約“之間的協調。 “瀕危物種公約”得到充分執行至關重要，這些
不可替代的遺址得到充分保護。在這樣做的過程中，我們將有益於我們的遺產和野生動植
物，為人們和地方提供安全保障，並支持國家經濟和依靠這些地點謀生的農村社區。“
“Illegal wildlife trafficking robs the world of its natural heritage,
threatens local communities and hampers global efforts to reduce poverty,”
says Inger Andersen, Director General of the International Union for
Conservation of Nature (IUCN). “This report is a sobering reminder of just
how far this type of organized crime can reach, extending even into the
supposed safety of World Heritage sites. This is a global challenge that can
only be tackled through collective, international action.”
國際自然保護聯盟（IUCN）總幹事安格森（Inger Andersen）說：“非法野生動物販運掠
奪了世界的自然遺產，威脅到當地社區，阻礙了全球減少貧困的努力。 “這份報告令人
清醒地提醒，這種有組織犯罪可以達到多遠，甚至延伸到世界遺產的假定安全。這是一個
全球性挑戰，只能通過集體的國際行動來解決。
The report stresses that enhanced protection and monitoring at the World
Heritage site level must be accompanied by greater action to curb demand for
illegal wildlife and wildlife products through education, enforcement and
prosecution. “The governing bodies of CITES and the World Heritage
Convention recognize the need to continue improving interactions between the
two conventions, and in order to halt illegal trafficking in World Heritage
sites, all stakeholders must unite and take the immediate action required to
prevent irreversible damage the world’s most iconic places and species”
Lambertini said.
報告強調，加強世界遺產地保護和監測工作，必須配合更多的行動，通過教育，執法和起
訴來遏制非法野生動物和野生動物產品的需求。 “”瀕危物種公約“和”世界遺產公約
“的理事機構認識到有必要繼續改善這兩項公約之間的相互作用，為了製止非法販賣世界
遺產遺產，所有利益攸關方必須團結起來，立即採取行動，防止不可逆轉的損害世界上最
具代表性的地方和物種“Lambertini說。
Last year, WWF launched a global campaign, Together saving our shared
heritage, working with governments and businesses to safeguard World Heritage
sites for present and future generations by strengthening the implementation
of the World Heritage Convention and pushing businesses to comply with the
highest standards of responsible business conduct in or near sites. A WWF
report found nearly half of all natural World Heritage sites were under
threat from harmful industrial activities like mining, oil and gas drilling,
and construction of large-scale infrastructure, with millions of people
impacted.
去年，世界自然基金會開展了全球運動，共同挽救了我們的共同遺產，與各國政府和企業
合作，通過加強世界遺產公約的實施，推動企業遵守最高標準網站內或附近的商業行為。
世界自然基金會的報告發現，近一半的世界遺產遺址受到諸如採礦，石油和天然氣鑽探等
有害工業活動的威脅，建設大型基礎設施，數百萬人受到影響。
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