1.媒體來源:
Newsweek
2.完整新聞標題:
HOW TRUMP AND THE NAZIS STOLE CHRISTMAS TO PROMOTE WHITE NATIONALISM
先說:
一、我改了標題,直接說出文章重點(而且並沒有曲解原意)
二、左派人士的言詞真的很難翻譯,我盡力了。
3.完整新聞內文:
President Donald Trump wants Americans to think he re-invented Christmas.
川普總統想要重塑聖誕節給美國人看
“We can say merry Christmas again,” he has said on numerous occasions both during his campaign for president and his presidency. “Christmas is back, better and bigger than ever before,” he told supporters months before the Christmas season.
競選的時候,川普就一再強調「以後不用再害怕說聖誕快樂了!」
今年聖誕節前夕他也表示:「聖誕節強勢回歸,而且更勝以往!」
“You can say again, ‘Merry Christmas’ because Donald Trump is now the president,” said Trump’s former campaign manager Corey Lewandowski after Trump won the election.
川普勝選後,競選團隊主席Corey Lewandowski就說:「川普當選了,終於又可以光明正大的說聖誕快樂了。」
Many of Trump’s Christian supporters argue that the president is ending the alleged “war on Christmas,” which has been presented by evangelicals and Fox news anchors as a threat to America’s Christian culture. Trump supporters say Americans have become too politically correct when they wish people happy holidays, a neutral term that can be used for people who celebrate Hanukkah, Eid, or any other religious holiday that takes place around the same time as Christmas.
許多年來,基督教福音派人士以及保守派新聞台常常抱怨美國社會充滿反聖誕節氛圍。因此,許多川普支持者都肯定總統撥亂反正,拯救聖誕節。這些支持者批評,現在許多美國人因為穆斯林的Eid以及猶太人的光明節也都落在聖誕節前後,都不講「聖誕快樂」了,而是改說「佳節愉快」,這樣未免太過於政治正確。
But critics counter that Trump is promoting a version of the holidays that excludes members of other religions, and that his crusade to bring back Christmas is part of a larger attempt by the president to define America as a country for white Christians alone.
但也有人批評,川普版本的聖誕節排斥了其他的宗教,而他發動聖戰擁護聖誕節,其實就是想表達:美國是基督徒白人的國家。
Wishing people “merry Christmas” instead of “happy holidays,” is thus in line with Trump’s decision to ban citizens of Muslim-majority countries from entering the United States, critics say. It fits neatly with his refusal to condemn white supremacists when they march against diversity, and with his condemnation of athletes who protest police brutality against black men.
反對者指出,祝人「聖誕快樂」而非「佳節愉快」正好符合川普禁止穆斯林國家人民入境的政策,也解釋了為什麼日前白人至上主義者遊行對抗多元族群時,川普沒有加以譴責,反倒是運動員抗議警察對黑人執法暴力的時候,川普才大動作批評。
With this in mind, the fight to end the war on Christmas is exclusionary politics at its most flagrant.
因此,拯救聖誕節就是明目張膽的排他政治。
“I see such invocations of Christmas as a kind of cypher, what some would call a dog whistle. It does not appear to be intolerant or extreme, but to attentive audiences it speaks volumes about identity and belonging—who and what are fully American,” Richard King, a professor at Washington State University who studies how white supremacists exploit culture, told Newsweek.
華盛頓州立大學教授Richard King表示:「拯救聖誕節成了一種暗語。表面上看起來沒有排他、也不極端,但仔細想的話就會發現,其實表達了認同與歸屬感,定義了誰才是真正的美國人。」Richard King專門研究白人至上主義者如何濫用文化。
“Much like 'Make America Great Again,' panics over the protests by NFL players, and the defense of Confederate memory, Christmas is a way to talk about peril, to assert a soft or hard version of white nationalism.”
「讓美國再次偉大、NFL球員表達抗議卻遭受批評、捍衛南北戰爭時期南方的歷史記憶,聖誕節就跟這些言論一樣,被拿來危言聳聽,被用來提倡白人民族主義。」
Trump isn’t the first political figure in history to co-opt Christmas. In fact, some see parallels between Trump’s speeches in front of Christmas trees and attempts by authoritarian regimes like the Nazis to manipulate popular celebrations to promote a political ideology. But by weaponizing Christmas in this way, Trump is bringing a dangerous tradition of politicizing religious holidays into the United States, experts say.
專家表示,利用聖誕節來達成政治目的,歷史早有先例。川普在聖誕樹前發表演說,在許多人眼裡聯想到的是以前德國納粹政府也是透過操控節慶來推廣政治意識形態。聖誕節被川普當作政治武器,恐將把節日政治化的危險傳統帶入美國,後患無窮。
“Because Americans have enjoyed a relatively stable political system, Christmas in the U.S. has been relatively immune to the overt politicization of the holiday," Joe Perry, author of the book Christmas in Germany: A Cultural History, which examines the way Nazis used Christmas to spread fascism, told Newsweek. “But not completely immune. The far right’s engagement in the ‘war on Christmas’ explicitly posits that there is one single true or correct Christmas. The holiday’s true nature is somehow
under threat from outsiders and liberals who act as forces of degradation, multiculturalism and secularization,” Perry continued.
史學家Joe Perry表示:「美國政治體系相對穩定,聖誕節還算免於政治化的命運,但並非完全倖免。現在極右派想要拯救聖誕節,他們認為自己版本的聖誕節才是唯一真理,而且他們認為聖誕節的真諦正受到移民以及自由派的威脅而變得墮落、世俗、多元。」Joe Perry著有《德國聖誕節文化史》一書,研究納粹政府如何透過聖誕節來散播法西斯主義。
In this context, Trump has been using the so-called war on Christmas to wage a culture war that pits multicultural liberals against Christian conservatives. He began doing this long before Christmas. Meanwhile, members of the religious right support Trump’s most nationalist, race-baiting form of political rhetoric, including his re-claiming of Christmas.
因此可以看得出來,川普透過拯救聖誕節來發動文化戰爭,挑起多元的自由派以及基督教保守派的分歧與對抗,而且早在聖誕節前就開始籌備了。同時,川普的民族主義、種族歧視、拯救聖誕節等政治言論廣受右派基督教支持,
Likewise, Nazi Germany’s propagandists rooted their idea of Christmas in visions of ethno-nationalism. They rewrote the lyrics of Christmas carols, promoted Nazified holiday traditions and launched numerous Christmas charity events for poor Germans. The ultimate goal was to draw a clear line between those who belonged and those who should be excluded, those who could not benefit from the joys of Christmas.
同樣的,納粹德國的政治宣傳機器也用民族與種族主義來包裝聖誕節。他們竄改聖誕歌詞、推廣納粹節日傳統、建立許多基督教慈善機構幫助窮人,最終目的就是要分化族群,非我族類者不得享受聖誕佳節的愉快氣氛。
Trump’s rhetoric differs from that of Nazi Germany’s, most notably because he has never advocated for genocide. But Trump’s talk about Christmas coexists with reemerging white identity politics, experts say.
川普和納粹德國最大的不同就是川普沒有提倡種族屠殺,但是川普對聖誕節的言論和白人認同政治若合符節。
“Committed white nationalists love Trump's bring back Christmas campaign almost as much as evangelicals,” Dr. Randy Blazak, a sociology professor who studies white nationalism, told Newsweek. “His followers see this as gospel and a rebuking of multiculturalism and political correctness, and the growing influence of Jews, Muslims, atheists and other non-WASPs.”
「白人民族主義者跟基督教福音派人士都肯定川普的拯救聖誕節行動」社會學教授、白人民族主義專家Randy Blazak博士說:「川普的支持視其為福音,用以對抗多元文化、政治正確、猶太人、穆斯林、無神論,以及其他非基督徒白人的影響力。」
Perry argues that Trump hasn’t gone nearly as far as the Nazis in promoting his vision of the holidays, and he sees major flaws in describing Trump as a Nazi-like figure. But there are some clear parallels.
Perry認為,川普尚未離譜到跟納粹一樣推廣自己版本的聖誕節,也承認把川普比做納粹其實有其不妥之處。
“Trump and the Nazis share aspects of race-baiting and perhaps broader aspects of extreme conservatism—many political ideologies do,” Perry said.
Perry說:「川普和納粹有些共同點,他們都擅用種族歧視言論,都是極端保守派,而且許多政治意識形態相同。」
“Frankly, I’m not sure how far Trump himself is willing to go to use the holiday to promote anti-Muslim or anti-minority visions of America, or if he even really understands what he is doing with his ‘Merry Christmas’ tirades.”
「川普用聖誕節來反穆斯林、反移民,究竟會嚴重到什麼程度,我不確定。搞不好他連自己在幹嘛都不知道。」
4.完整新聞連結 (或短網址):
https://goo.gl/WsHw8X