※ 引述《yf15114915 (just)》之銘言：
: https://tinyurl.com/y76f35sr
: 英國衛報用大篇福報導高雄衛武營的藝文中心
: 雖然有些只有練肌肉沒有練腦的人把衛武營嫌東嫌西
: (對，我真的滿生氣的)
: 但是衛武營的落成已經引起國際主流媒體的注意和報導
: 英國衛報(The Guardian)用大篇福的介紹報導衛武營
: 以下是報導內容：
: (看有沒有好心人要協助翻整篇的)
小的來試試看有錯請各界指正
: Epic scenes: the biggest arts venue on Earth lands in Taiwan
史詩級的鉅獻：地表最大藝術表演館在台灣
: Kaohsiung, Taiwan
高雄，台灣
: Boasting the largest organ in Asia and four theatres, this enormous
: performing arts venue invites people to exercise, nap and even break
: into song.
擁有亞洲最大管風琴與四個室內劇場，衛武營這個巨大的藝術表演館正張開雙手，
歡迎大家到衛武營運動、休憩，甚至高歌一曲。
: Oliver Wainwright @ollywainwright
記者Oliver Wainwright
: Fri 19 Oct 2018 13.19 BST
: Last modified on Fri 19 Oct 2018 22.39 BST
: Shares 5,252
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評論數
: National Kaohsiung Centre for the Arts.
: ‘We wanted it to feel as informal as seeing a performance in a
: park’ … the National Kaohsiung Centre for the Arts.
https://imgur.com/jidcy5w.jpg
衛武營希望營造輕鬆非正式的藝術氛圍
: Looking like the colossal love child of a container ship and a
: whale, writhing above the treetops of Weiwuying park in the southern
: Taiwanese city of Kaohsiung, the world’s largest performing arts
: centre has a suitably immense presence. By turns galumphing and
: graceful, the roughly ￡260m hulk contains an opera house, concert
: hall, theatre and recital hall, seating up to 7,000 people within
: its curvaceous shell. As Taiwan faces ever more pressure for
: assimilation from mainland China, whose cultural building boom has
: led to a new museum or concert hall open practically every week in
: recent years, the National Kaohsiung Centre for the Arts, AKA
: Weiwuying, is a monumental statement that this plucky nation means
: business on the international cultural stage.
國立高雄藝術中心AKA衛武營─這座世界最大的表演藝術中心，
坐落在南台灣城市高雄的衛武營公園內。
其外型彷彿一艘貨櫃船及一條鯨魚戀愛後產下的巨大愛情結晶，
攀扶在衛武營公園蜿蜒的樹冠上，巨大但適切地融入高雄的城市風景。
在衛武營造價約2.6億英鎊的優雅曲線外殼內，
設置有可容納多達7,000人的歌劇院、音樂廳、劇院和演奏廳。
即便台灣面臨中國統一威脅的壓力越來越大，但近年來國內的文化建設熱潮，
仍讓台灣幾乎每週都能落成一個新的博物館或音樂廳。
衛武營藝術中心就像一份巨大的聲明，
向世界闡明這個勇敢的國家正認真地投入國際文化舞台。
: Gaping openings in the building’s hefty flanks beckon you into a
: cave-like landscape, where the floor rides up in great waves as the
: ceiling plunges down to meet the ground, forming a world of tunnels
: and canyons. The glossy-white steel skin is sliced open in places,
: bringing shafts of light into the space and offering intriguing
: glimpses of the venues within. It provides cooling respite from
: the tropical heat of this coastal city, channelling the breeze beneath
: its bulging belly to make a welcome place for picnics, tai-chi, yoga
: classes and some exhilarating swings.
建築的構面乘著從衛武營巨大的側翼開口進入，你彷彿進到一個洞穴內，
建築的構面乘著巨大的波浪，從天花板垂降到地面，形成一個隧道和峽谷的世界。
光滑、純白的鋼製構面上切割了許多開口，將光線帶入衛武營蜿蜒的洞穴與隧道，
同時，人們也能從開口中瞥見衛武營內部迷人的表演場地。
衛武營為這個炎熱的熱帶沿海城市提供了涼爽的喘息空間，
微風被引導進入其高挑的腹部空間，
為民眾提供了一個可以野餐、打太極拳、做瑜伽課和令人興奮的盪鞦韆的空間。
: “We were struck by the informality of the performing arts in Taiwan,”
: says Dutch architect Francine Houben, whose practice, Mecanoo
: (designers of the Birmingham Library), won the competition for the
: project in 2007. “Chinese opera has its origins in street theatre,
: so we wanted to make a place that would feel as casual and informal
: as going to see a performance in the park.”
「我們對台灣表演藝術的不拘小節感到震驚」，荷蘭建築師Francine Houben表示。
他的建築師事務所Mecanoo（曾設計過伯明翰圖書館）
在2007年贏得了衛武營藝術中心的競圖。
「華人戲曲起源於街邊野台戲，所以我們想要打造一個讓人感覺較隨意，
和較不正式的場地，讓人就像在公園裡看表演一樣。」
: Cooling respite … a yoga class at the National Kaohsiung Centre.
https://imgur.com/KzIJiju.jpg
在衛武營藝術中心涼爽的榕樹廣場參加瑜珈課
: The venue’s ambience is more that of a leisure centre than an opera
: house, particularly compared with Taipei’s national theatre and
: concert hall, each built in 1987, which stand on either side of the
: capital’s central square, like a pair of regal temples from the
: Forbidden City. By contrast, Weiwuying’s artistic director, Chien
: Wen-Pin, hopes people will spill into its theatres from the park,
: and treat it as their living room. “We had over 50,000 people turn
: up to our open day,” he says. “People occupied the space in a way
: were weren’t planning or expecting, taking their shoes off, doing
: exercise, lying in the shade, even breaking into song as they entered
: the concert hall.”
衛武營藝術總監簡文彬希望衛武營的氛圍更像是休閒中心而不是歌劇院，
特別是相較於台北莊嚴而肅穆的國家劇院和國家音樂廳。
國家兩廳院建於1987年，位於中正紀念堂廣場的兩側，外型就像一對紫禁城內的宮殿。
相較之下，簡文彬希望民眾從公園湧入衛武營劇院時，
可以把衛武營當作自家的起居室。
「有超過5萬人參加我們的開幕日」，他說。
「人們在某種程度上以我們沒有計劃或期待的方式佔據了衛武營的空間，
他們脫鞋、做運動、躺在陰涼處，甚至在進入音樂廳時隨口唱起歌。」
: Featuring the largest organ in Asia, designed as two thickets of
: bamboo with more than 9,000 pipes, the concert hall is a swirling
: symphony of oak and champagne-coloured seats, with a 22-tonne acoustic
: reflector dangling ominously from the ceiling. Despite its 2,000-person
: capacity, it feels surprisingly intimate, the furthest seat being
: 30 metres from the conductor. The Parisian magician of acoustics,
: Albert Xu, built a 1:10 model of it to ensure it provides the perfect
: reverberation time for everything from a classical orchestra to the
: twanging of the Taiwanese aboriginal mouth harp. He also worked his
: magic on the other three spaces, each designed with a distinct
: character and calibrated to accommodate a variety of art forms.
衛武營音樂廳的內裝就像是一首由橡木和香檳色座椅揉合成的交響曲，
在音樂廳最頂層的兩側，裝設有亞洲最大的管風琴，
管風琴的外觀設計概念源自於竹子叢，具有超過9,000支音管。
音樂廳的天花板懸掛了22噸的聲學反射板。
儘管音樂廳的容量有2000人，但聽眾仍能驚異地感覺跟表演者非常靠近，
因為距舞台最遠的座位也不過相隔30米。
來自巴黎的聲學魔術師Albert Xu建立了1:10的音樂廳模型，
以確保音樂廳能為從古典樂團到台灣原住民口琴等各式表演提供完美的混響時間。
他還在其他三個表演場地中施展了他的魔力，每個空間都有獨特的設計調性，
並經過精密地校準以適應各種藝術表演形式。
: Pipe up … the centre’s concert hall, home to Asia’s largest organ.
: Facebook Twitter Pinterest Pipe up … the centre’s concert hall,
: home to Asia’s largest organ.
https://imgur.com/DPmlwnv.jpg
衛武營音樂廳配置有亞洲最大管風琴
: The 434-seat recital hall has an asymmetrical seating layout, “so
: more people can see the pianists’ fingers”, say the architects,
: while its panelled walls can rotate to provide different levels of
: absorption, whether it’s hosting harsher classical Chinese music or
: jazz, or softer baroque chamber music. The playhouse, with deep blue
: seats, can accommodate an orchestra to the side of the stage
: (important for Chinese opera, where there must be a direct line of
: sight between the musicians and performers). Meanwhile, the deep red
: 2,236-seat opera house enjoys a humungous backstage, four times the
: size of the auditorium, conceived as a “theatre machine” that can
: contain the scenery and equipment for five different shows at once.
: “It’s even bigger and better equipped than Beijing’s opera,” Houben
: whispers conspiratorially about an important point of national pride.
擁有434個座位的獨奏音樂廳具有不對稱的座位配置，
「可以讓更多的觀眾看到鋼琴家的手指」，建築師說。
而獨奏音樂廳的鑲板牆可以調整各種角度，提供不同程度的吸音效果。
無論是演奏更為刺耳的中國古典音樂還是爵士樂，或更柔和的巴洛克室內樂，
都能透過調整鑲板牆取得更佳的音色效果。
衛武營的劇院裝設的是深藍色座椅，在劇院舞台的一側設計有容納一整個樂團的空間
（這空間對於中國歌劇表演相當重要，它讓樂團與表演者可以直視對方）。
另一方面，衛武營還擁有一座設有2,236個座位的深紅色歌劇院，
在歌劇院舞台的後方，還有一個巨大的後臺，空間約是觀眾席的四倍大。
後臺配置有「劇院機關」，可以同時容置五個不同節目的佈景和設備。
「衛武營的歌劇廳比北京歌劇院更大，設備更好」，
Houben壓低聲量小聲地道出能令台灣人感到自豪的重點。
: If the auditoria are exemplars of their kind, then the circulation
: and foyer space between them feels a little like an afterthought.
: With the four ovoid venues set in a rectangular volume stretching
: 225 metres long by 160 metres wide, there is a lot of leftover space,
: mainly decked out with acres of grey carpet, plasterboard walls and
: suspended ceiling tiles, every surface painted black or white, giving
: it a rather bleak, monotonous feeling. Within the building there is
: little of the spatial drama promised by the undulating plaza outside.
: Instead, it has the air of a deep-plan office block with theatrical
: ambitions.
如果衛武營的表演場館是同類型場館的典範，
那麼在表演場館間的空氣流通空間和門廊的設計則感覺有點像是事後隨意添加上去的。
四個卵形場館設置在一個長225米，寬160米的矩形空間內，留下許多畸零空間。
而這些畸零空間主要使用灰色地毯，石膏板牆和吊頂裝飾來綴飾，
構面則被塗成黑色或白色，讓衛武營的室內塗裝呈現一種暗淡，單調的感覺。
相對於被亮白弧形外殼所構築的公共廣場，
衛武營建築的內裝似乎少了一點空間戲劇感的營造。
然而，在辦公感沉重的空間裡，仍能感受到衛武營在劇場表演的野心
: The architects are quick to point out that the budget is actually
: very tight for a project of this scale, which necessitated some of
: the prosaic fittings. While Jean Nouvel’s Philharmonie de Paris
: cost ￡340m, and Herzog & de Meuron’s Elbphilharmonie in Hamburg
: was a whopping ￡690m (each housing a single auditorium), Mecanoo
: has provided four theatres in one for a fraction of the price.
建築師很快地指出，對於衛武營藝術中心這種規模的建築，
相較於法國以3.4億英鎊請Jean Nouvel打造的巴黎愛樂音樂廳，
或德國花費高達6.9億英鎊請Herzog＆de Meuron在漢堡打造的易北愛樂廳
（這兩個建築內都只有一個音樂廳）
台灣所編列的2.6億英鎊預算實際上非常吃緊，
也因此無可避免地需要接受部分較乏味的設計。
: Rough and ready … an exterior view of the recently completed
: Weiwuying.
https://imgur.com/oaGm9nj.jpg
衛武營簡單而粗曠的外觀
: The robust, rough-and-ready quality is also somehow appropriate
: for the nature of this no-nonsense port city. “We wanted it to have
: the detailing of a cargo ship, not a luxury yacht,” says Houben,
: referring to the visible steel welding joints between the panels
: of the building’s billowing white hull. Those who aren’t told
: of the container ship allusion might just think it is badly finished,
: but various nautical markings reinforce the seafaring air.
但也許簡單粗曠而堅固耐用的品質正符合這個港口城市務實的天性。
「我們希望衛武營給人的印象是一艘貨船，而不是豪華遊艇」，
Houben說。他指的是建築物那如波浪翻騰般的白色鋼板間清楚可見的鋼板焊接接頭。
雖然對那些不瞭解貨櫃船意象與高雄過往千絲萬縷的遊客來說，
他們可能會認為衛武營的工程並沒有完美收尾，
但衛武營在外觀上所嵌入的各種航海記號，確實強化了衛武營與海洋意象的鏈結。
: The bigger question is if this city of three million, which has
: enjoyed a single 1,600-capacity theatre until now, has the ability
: to fill such an enormous complex on a regular basis. The director
: of the ￡106m National Taichung theatre, another ambitious cave-like
: opera house, an hour away by train and built by Toyo Ito in 2015,
: admits it is struggling to sell tickets to its current run of
: Wagner’s Siegfried, after the novelty of the venue’s opening has
: worn off. Taipei, meanwhile, awaits the opening of its long-delayed
: ￡133m performing arts centre designed by OMA, another theatre,
: concert hall and blackbox auditorium combined in a thrilling
: multilayered transformer of a building.
當然，對衛武營來說，更大的問題是，高雄這個３百萬人口的城市，
過去只享有一個能容納1600人的劇院，
現在突然擁有衛武營這樣一個龐大的藝術表演建築群時，
是否有足夠的觀眾可以填滿它。
以台中國家歌劇院為例，這座價值1.06億英鎊、由伊東豊雄設計、
２０１５年完工、距離火車站車程約１小時的洞穴式歌劇院，
在開幕初期雖然懷抱著雄心壯志，但其藝術總監也承認，
當歌劇院的新鮮感退去無法再吸引聽眾時，
連華格納歌劇《齊格飛》的票房也賣得非常掙扎。
更別說，同時，台北也還有一個開幕時間正不斷延宕，花費了1.33億英鎊，
由OMA設計，集歌劇院、音樂廳及黑盒子劇場於一身的北藝中心。
: It is an extraordinary abundance of venues for one country to be
: opening in the span of a few years, all planned in the mid-2000s
: by different regional and national administrations. As China
: picks off Taiwan’s allies with dollar diplomacy (only 17 countries
: now recognise the island as independent, thereby disqualifying
: themselves from formal relations with China), it seems as if
: cultural diplomacy is one of the few weapons it has left.
對任一個國家來說，都很難在短短幾年內開幕這麼多個豐富的藝術表演場域，
且其中大部分都是在2000~2010年間在不同的縣市開始動工，
更橫跨了不同的政權交替。
當中國以金錢外交不斷地掠奪台灣的邦交國
（現在世界上只有17個國家承認台灣是獨立的，且因此無法與中國建立正式的外交關係）
文化外交似乎是台灣餘下為數不多的武器之一。
: If the palpable level of excitement in Kaohsiung on the opening
: night of Weiwuying last week is anything to go by – when tens
: of thousands gathered in the park for a spectacular gala performance
: staged on the building’s outdoor amphitheatre, complete with
: an aerial ballet of drones – there’s an eager population waiting
: to fill its great halls with life.
如果上周衛武營開幕之夜在高雄所帶來的興奮程度可以做為我們的參考
當成千上萬的人聚集在公園裡，在衛武營的戶外圓形劇場上演一場壯觀的開幕演出，
並以無人機的空中芭蕾舞完美結束，那麼我們應該可以相信，
有一群觀眾正急切地等著用熱情填滿衛武營。