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美總務署長墨菲致函拜登全文 強調「不代表認證勝選者」
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首次上稿 11-26 23:43
更新時間 11-27 05:55
〔即時新聞／綜合報導〕美國總統大選至今仍未宣布勝選者，而現任總統川普也正在進行法律訴訟，原先拒不啟動交接程序，被民主黨痛批「卡登」的美國聯邦總務署（GSA）署長墨菲（Emily Murphy）最終在23日致函拜登，通知拜登團隊可準備啟動正式的政權移交過程。
起初外界認為此舉如同川普默認拜登勝選，但墨菲在交接通知函上強調，GSA不會認證或確定總統勝選者，啟動交接程序的決定是基於「事態發展」，而總統大選真正的勝選者，將由憲法詳細規範的選舉程序來確定。
親愛的拜登先生：
身為美國總務署長，我基於在1963年修訂的《總統交接法》，有權力提供相關的資源與服務
，在總統大選後協助總統進行交接工作，參見《美國法典》第3章102條的注釋（《總統交接
法》）；我嚴肅的擔任這個角色，由於近期關於法律挑戰與選舉結果認證的事態發展，我在
今天將這封信轉遞給您，以便向您提供相關的資源與服務。
我成年後，將大部分的時間奉獻在公共服務上，而且也一直努力做正確的事；請注意，我是
依據法律以及現有的獨立事實所做出決定，我的決策內容與時機均未受到任何行政官員（包
括白宮以及GSA）的直接或間接壓力。明確地來說，並沒有任何人對我的延遲決定指手劃腳
；然而，我確實收到透過網路、電話與信件，針對我、我的家人及員工，甚至是我的寵物的
安全威脅，藉此試圖強迫我提早做出這個決定；但即使面對成千上萬的威脅，我也始終致力
於捍衛法律。
與媒體的報導及影射所相反的是，我的決定並非出於恐懼或偏袒；與之相反，我堅信該法規
是要求GSA署長「確定」（ascertain），而非「強行確立」（impose）顯而易見的總統當選
者；
然而不幸的是，《總統交接法案》並沒有為總統交接制定程序或標準，因此我參考過去的選
舉中，所涉及法律質疑和不完整計票的事件尋找先例；
GSA不會判定法律爭議與重新計票的結果，
也不會判定這類的法律訴訟是否合理與正當，
這些問題應是由美國憲法、聯邦法律和州法，移交給選票認證程序以及具有管轄權的法院去
判決，我認為負責改善聯邦採購與財產管理的機構，
不應將自身置於憲法所規範的選舉程序之上；
我強烈敦促國會考慮對《總統交接法》進行修正。
如您所知，GSA署長不會選定或認證總統選舉的勝選者，相反的是，根據《總統交接法案》
，GSA署長的權力行使範圍反而相當有限：提供與總統交接期有關的資源和服務；如上所述
，由於最近的事態發展涉及法律挑戰和選舉結果認證，我做出決定，您可以使用《總統交接
法》第3節中所規範的選後資源和服務；而總統大選實際的勝選者，將由憲法詳細規範的選
舉程序來確定。
根據《總統交接法》第七節以及2020年10月1日的《公法》116-159規定，將提供直到2020年
12月11日為止的持續撥款，為您提供630萬整美元（約1.79億新台幣）以用於執行《總統交
接法》第3節的內容；此外，根據《公法》116-159規定，授權撥款100萬美元（約2849萬新
台幣），用於新任命官員的介紹會以及編寫交接指南；謹在此提醒您，《總統交接法》第6
節規範您有進行申報的義務，以此作為從GSA得到服務與資金的條件。
如果還需要任何幫助，請聯繫聯邦交接協調專員瑪麗·吉爾伯特女士（Ms. Mary D. Gibert
）。
謹上
艾蜜莉·W·墨菲
署長
美國總務署
November 23, 2020
The Honorable Joseph R. Biden, Jr.
1401 Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20230
Dear Mr. Biden:
As the Administrator of the U.S. General Services Administration, I have the abi
lity under the Presidential Transition Act of 1963, as amended, to make certain
post-election resources and services available to assist in the event of a presi
dential transition. See 3 U.S.C. § 102 note （the "Act"）. I take this role ser
iously and, because of recent developments involving legal challenges and certif
ications of election results, am transmitting this letter today to make those re
sources and services available to you.
I have dedicated much of my adult life to public service, and I have always stri
ved to do what is right. Please know that I came to my decision independently, b
ased on the law and available facts. I was never directly or indirectly pressure
d by any Executive Branch official—including those who work at the White House
or GSA—with regard to the substance or timing of my decision.To be clear, I did
not receive any direction to delay my determination. I did, however, receive th
reats online, by phone, and by mail directed at my safety, my family, my staff,
and even my pets in an effort to coerce me into making this determination premat
urely. Even in the face of thousands of threats, I always remained committed to
upholding the law.
Contrary to media reports and insinuations, my decision was not made out of fear
or favoritism. Instead, I strongly believe that the statute requires that the G
SA Administrator ascertain, not impose, the apparent president-elect. Unfortunat
ely, the statute provides no procedures or standards for this process, so I look
ed to precedent from prior elections involving legal challenges and incomplete c
ounts. GSA does not dictate the outcome of legal disputes and recounts, nor does
it determine whether such proceedings are reasonable or justified. These are is
sues that the Constitution, federal laws, and state laws leave to the election c
ertification process and decisions by courts of competent jurisdiction. I do not
think that an agency charged with improving federal procurement and property ma
nagement should place itself above the constitutionally-based election process.
I strongly urge Congress to consider amendments to the Act.
As you know, the GSA Administrator does not pick or certify the winner of a pres
idential election. Instead, the GSA Administrator’s role under the Act is extre
mely narrow: to make resources and services available in connection with a presi
dential transition. As stated, because of recent developments involving legal ch
allenges and certifications of election results, I have determined that you may
access the post-election resources and services described in Section 3 of the Ac
t upon request. The actual winner of the presidential election will be determine
d by the electoral process detailed in the Constitution.
Section 7 of the Act and Public Law 116-159, dated October 1, 2020, which provid
es continuing appropriations until December 11, 2020, makes $6,300,000 available
to you to carry out the provisions of Section 3 of the Act. In addition, $1,000
,000 is authorized, pursuant to Public Law 116-159, to provide appointee orienta
tion sessions and a transition directory. I remind you that Section 6 of the Act
imposes reporting requirements on you as a condition for receiving services and
funds from GSA.
If there is anything we can do to assist you, please contact Ms. Mary D. Gibert,
the Federal Transition Coordinator.
Sincerely,
Emily W. Murphy
Administrator
U.S. General Services Administration
5.附註、心得、想法︰
※ 40字心得、備註 ※
掰登：幹！你為啥不先講
就說三普不是省油的燈的
這些問題應是由美國憲法、聯邦法律和州法，
移交給選票認證程序以及具有管轄權的法院去判決