1.新聞網址︰
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cj4v0rey0jzo.amp
2.新聞來源︰
BBC
3.完整新聞標題
Putin approves changes to Russia's nuclear doctrine
4.完整新聞內容︰
Vladimir Putin has approved changes to Russia’s nuclear doctrine, setting out n
ew conditions under which the country would consider using its arsenal.
The doctrine now says an attack from a non-nuclear state, if backed by a nuclear
power, will be treated as a joint assault on Russia.
The update was proposed in September and rubber stamped on Tuesday, the 1,000th
day of the war with Ukraine.
It also follows Washington’s decision on Monday to allow Ukraine to fire long-r
ange US missiles into Russia.
Under the changes, a large attack on Russia with conventional missiles, drones o
r aircraft could meet the criteria for a nuclear response, as could an attack on
Belarus or any critical threat to Russia's sovereignty.
Any aggression against Russia by a state which is a member of a coalition would
be seen by Moscow as aggression from the whole group.
The updates expand the number of countries and coalitions, and the kinds of mili
tary threats, subject to a possible nuclear response, according to state-run new
s agency Tass.
Putin has threatened the use of nuclear weapons before, and Ukraine has criticis
ed it as "nuclear sabre-rattling" to deter its allies from providing further sup
port.
But Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said "we strongly are in favour of do
ing everything to not allow nuclear war to happen".
Speaking at a press conference at the G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, Mr Lavrov sa
id a declaration signed by the group, which includes Russia "clearly said we wan
t to move towards a world free of nuclear weapons".
Announcing the change, the Kremlin urged other countries to study the changes.
"This is a very important text," Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov said, accord
ing to Tass, adding "it should become a subject to a very deep analysis".
On Monday, Russia warned of "an appropriate and tangible" response to US Preside
nt Joe Biden's move to let Ukraine use ATACMS missiles to strike the country.
Such an attack inside Russian territory "would represent the direct involvement
of the United States and its satellites in hostilities against Russia", a foreig
n ministry statement said.
Mr Peskov said on Tuesday that the new doctrine was published "in a timely manne
r" and that Putin had requested it be updated earlier this year so that it was "
in line with the current situation", AP reported.
普京已批准對俄羅斯核武準則的修改，設定了該國考慮使用核武庫的新條件。
新準則指出，如果非核武國家在核武大國支持下對俄羅斯發動攻擊，將被視為對俄羅斯的聯
合攻擊。
這項更新是在9月提出，並在與烏克蘭戰爭第1000天的週二獲得批准。
這也是在美國週一允許烏克蘭向俄羅斯發射美製長程導彈之後的回應。
根據修改後的準則，使用常規導彈、無人機或飛機對俄羅斯發動的大規模攻擊，以及對白俄
羅斯的攻擊或對俄羅斯主權的任何重大威脅，都可能符合核武回應的標準。
莫斯科會將聯盟成員國對俄羅斯的任何侵略行為視為來自整個集團的侵略。
據國營塔斯社報導，這次更新擴大了可能遭受核武回應的國家和聯盟數量，以及軍事威脅的
類型。
普京此前曾威脅使用核武器，而烏克蘭批評這是"核武恫嚇"，意在阻止其盟友提供進一步支
持。
但俄羅斯外長拉夫羅夫表示："我們強烈主張竭盡所能防止核戰爭發生。"
在里約熱內盧G20峰會的新聞發布會上，拉夫羅夫說，包括俄羅斯在內的各國簽署的宣言"明
確表示我們希望邁向一個無核武器的世界"。
在宣布變更時，克里姆林宮敦促其他國家研究這些改變。
據塔斯社報導，克里姆林宮發言人佩斯科夫說："這是一個非常重要的文本"，並補充說"它
應該成為深入分析的主題"。
週一，俄羅斯警告說，對於拜登總統允許烏克蘭使用ATACMS導彈打擊該國的舉動，將作出"
適當且具體"的回應。
俄羅斯外交部的一份聲明稱，在俄羅斯領土內的此類攻擊"將代表美國及其衛星國直接參與
對俄羅斯的敵對行動"。
據美聯社報導，佩斯科夫週二表示，新準則的發布"時機恰當"，而且普京早在今年就要求更
新準則，使其"符合當前形勢"。
5.附註、心得、想法︰
幹 現在真的有那種冷戰時期 古巴核彈危機的港覺
普丁把使用核武的標準降低到
核武國(ex.美國)提供的武器攻擊俄羅斯也能用核彈
膽小鬼遊戲快到極限惹
感覺窩窩三要來惹 要躲去哪裡比較好？