在先前文章提到過，在正式考試聽力沒有加試的情況下，藝術類是lecture
必考一題，但從今年初也普遍地開始在閱讀出現。主題很多，包含畫作、雕
塑、音樂、文學（詩）、電影等等。關於電影(motion picture, film)，底
下分享一些常見單字以及托福出現過的專有名詞。雖然是專有名詞，但提到
motion picture確很常出現，而且電影也跟生活息息相關，所以特別以這篇
文章分享，專有名詞後也附上影片，同學也能順便練習聽力，
說不定下次考試就遇到囉！
1. snippet (n.) :a small part of something (such as a piece of
music, a conversation, etc.) 一小段
例：Early movies were simple snippets of action – acrobats tumbling,
horses running, jugglers juggling, and so on.
2. celluloid (n.)
1) a tough kind of plastic that was used in the past to make
photographic film and other products（尤指舊時用於製作電影膠片的）
賽璐珞，明膠
2) —often used before another noun to refer to movies in general
(總稱)電影
例：The new movie is about thecelluloid[=movie]stars of the past.
3. kinetoscope (n.) :an object containing a very small hole
through which a person watched a film in the early days of film 活
動電影放映機
真題句子：Thomas Edison's peepshow device, the Kinetoscope, was
introduced to the public in 1894. It was designed for use in
Kinetoscope parlors, or arcades, which contained only a few
individual machines and permitted only one customer to view a
short, 50-foot film at any one time.
4. vitascope (n.) 投影式活動電影放映機
真題句子：Faced with competition, Edison perfected the Vitascope
and unveiled it in New York City in 1896.
更多介紹：
Vitascope, motion-picture projector patented byThomas Armatin 1895;
its principal features are retained in the modern projector:
sprocketed film operated with a mechanism (the “Maltese cross”) to
stop each frame briefly before the lens, and a loop in the film to
ease the strain. The Vitascope was adopted by Thomas A. Edison to
project his Kinetoscope films, leading first to the Nickelodeon
theatre and soon to the full-length motion picture.
5. phi phenomenon 飛現象
真題句子：Thephi phenomenonis the optical illusion of perceiving a
series of still images, when viewed in rapid succession, as
continuous motion.
影片參考：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zbzt7Cb2e4
6. Praxinoscope (n.) 鏡射式動畫幻影箱
The Praxinoscope is a typical optical toy from the 19th century.
It consists of a cylinder and a strip of paper showing twelve
frames for animation. As the cylinder rotates, stationary mirrors
in the centre reveal a ‘single image’ in motion.
影片參考：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4B3FHHt_k8
7. Thaumatrope (n.) a scientific toy devised in the 19th century,
consisting of a disc with a different picture on each of its two
sides, these appearing to combine into one image when the disc is
rapidly rotated. 動畫紙盤, 留影盤
影片參考：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U32Sv99cDOs
想用三堂課知道更多最新考情趨勢嗎？還能把真題依學科分類，一小時講完
一個學科，然後用真題先場演練驗證嗎？歡迎來上J2學科真題機經班：
http://j2toefl.blogspot.com/p/j2toefl.html
近期高分同學心得：
lkjhsshe: 「閱讀聽力兩堂: J2的閱讀聽力課大量補充了各學科的知識，個
人覺得上起來很像大學的通識課，可以長很多知識的同時更了解托福學科內
容，讓我在做不熟的學科題目時能夠不慌張...」
gtim811554: 「我認為J2提供每個學科的Mind Map，很好的整理了該學科的
準備重點，例如：天文學喜歡出生命的出現、太陽系某行星的衛星;地質學
則喜歡物種滅絕的主題等等。」
holahola15:「J2 會透過真題補充各種常考主題的背景知識，包含了
生物、天文、考古、世界史、心理等等，以及分享了考前十四天的讀書計畫，
分主題類型的考題，讓我能更容易找到自己比較弱的部分，內容很多但J2上課用
心智圖帶過，再講解真題文章，上課其實可以理解很多概念，
會建議之後留比較多時間複習、或可以挑自己不熟的領域增加背景知識」
課程推薦對象（任一）：
＊閱讀、聽力答題率，會因為特定學科（如天文、歷史）知識、單字不足，
起伏不穩的同學
＊實際考試口說、寫作會變難，想先練習近期真題和難題者
＊考過多次，分數無法突破，希望下一戰能穩定輸出、達到目標的同學
J2TOEFL Blog:
http://j2toefl.blogspot.com/
J2TOEFL機經社團，搜尋「學科機經整理」，掌握最新機經資訊：
https://www.facebook.com/groups/437362266344116/
Cheers,
J2