警大研究所共同科目英文詳解的分享資訊~
若是有錯誤需修正的地方也請不吝指教~
ㄧ、Vocabulary and Phrases:
題號 題目 擬答
(一) 輻射汙染 radiation contamination
(二) 自拍神器 selfie stick
(三) 事故現場 scene of accident
(四) 警政署署長 Director General of NPA
(五) 客機空難 the air crash of jetliner
(六) 司法互助 mutual/ reciprocal legal assistance
(七) 溫室效應 greenhouse effect
(八) 恐怖攻擊 terrorist attack
(九) 食安危機 the crisis of food safety
(十) 內線交易 insider trading
二、Translation:
(一)
For at least half a century, police have considered it important to cut
to a minimum of their response times to crime calls. The faster the response,
they have reasoned, the better the chances of catching the criminal at or
near the scene of the crime.(10分)
擬答:
至少已半世紀之久,警方對於報案來電處理反應的時間能縮減到最少認為是相當重要的。
警方解釋,能越快反應,在犯罪現場或在附近追捕到嫌犯的機會就越大。
(二)
Officers shall not use their police power to resolve personal
grievances (e.g. those involving the officer, family members, relatives, or
friends) except under circumstances that would justify the use of
self-defense, actions to prevent injury to another person, or when a serious
offense has been committed that would justify an arrest.(10分)
擬答:
警務人員除了在合法進行自我防衛,為避免他人傷亡的行為,或有嚴重犯行進行時可合法
拘捕下的情況外,不得行公權力之便解決私人恩怨(例如涉案員警,家庭成員,親
戚或者朋友)。
(三)
The essence of the police role in maintaining order is to reinforce the
informal control mechanisms of the community itself. Areas where community
controls break down are vulnerable to criminal investigation.(10分)
擬答:
警方此角色在維持秩序上的本質,就是要強化社區本身那些非法定的控管機制。在
社區控管失靈的地區進行犯罪調查是不容易的(軟弱無力的)。
三、Reading Comprehension:(20分)
Another large-scale study conducted by William Spelman and Dale Brown and
published in 1984 was also to challenge a core police assumption of that
period – that improvement in rapid response to calls for service would lead
to improvements in crime fighting. This study was developed in good part
because of the findings of a prior investigation in Kansas City that found
little support for the crime control effectiveness of rapid response to calls
for service (Kansas City Police Department 1977). With support from the
National Institute of Justice, Spelman and Brown investigated 4000 victims,
witnesses, and bystanders in some 3300 serious crimes in four American
cities. This was another major study in terms of the resources brought to
bear and the methods used. Again it examined a strategy that was aided by
technological advances in the twentieth century and that was central dogma of
police administrators – that police must get to the scene of a crime quickly
if they are to apprehend criminal offenders.
中譯:
另一項由William Spelman和Dale Brown進行,並在1984年出刊的大規模研究,也就是在
挑戰那段時期警界核心的假設 – 那就是對報案能快速回應處理的改善將導致在打擊犯罪
上有所改善。這項研究順利的發展是由於先前在堪薩斯城的調查發現 – 警方對於報案來
電快速地回應對於控制犯罪的有效程度是毫無關聯(1977年堪薩斯城警察局)。有著國家
司法機構的援助下,Spelman和Brown在美國四個城市中,對3300件重大犯罪中的4000名被
害者,證人,和路人進行調查研究。以使用的資源及方法這些方面來看,這是另一個重大
的研究。它再次地檢驗了20世紀因科技進步的協助下以及警方行政高層的中心思想的警政
對策,此對策即假若警方要抓捕到罪犯,警方必須迅速抵達犯罪現場。
根據以上內容,用英文回答以下問題(每題2分):
(一) Spelman and Brown的研究報告發表於哪一年?
擬答: The study was published in 1984.
(二) 在Spelman and Brown的研究之前,哪個城市警察局做過類似研究?
擬答: Before Spelman and Brown’s study, Kansas City Police Department had
conducted the similar research in 1977.
(三) Spelman and Brown的研究是在哪個部門的支持下進行?
擬答: With support from the National Institute of Justice, they ran their
research.
(四) Spelman and Brown研究的實證資料係蒐集自幾個美國城市?
擬答: They collected the data from four cities in America.
根據以上內容,用中文回答以下問題(每題3分):
(五) Spelman and Brown所要挑戰的研究假設是什麼?
擬答: 假若警方要抓捕到罪犯,警方必須迅速抵達犯罪現場。
(六) 在Spelman and Brown研究之前的類似研究,有何研究發現?
擬答: 警方對於報案來電快速地回應對於控制犯罪的有效程度是毫無正相關。
(七) Spelman and Brown研究的實證資料來自4000個研究對象,這些研究對象是每個案
件中的什麼人?
擬答: 他們是每個案件中的被害者,證人,和路人。
(八)“dogma of police administrators”的意義為何?
擬答: 警方行政高層的中心教條。
四、Essay:(30分)
Write an essay on the following topic. The length of your essay should be no
less than 100 words and no more than 200 words.
“Mobile Police Station” and its Impacts 行動派出所以及其影響層面
也歡迎來到部落格互相討論求進步~
http://cht.tw/x/qwazq