http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/14763141.2016.1159319
Differences among fastball, curveball, and changeup pitching biomechanics
across various levels of baseball
速球,曲球跟變速球的生物力學在不同層級的差異
Sports Biomechanics, 2016, VOL. 15, NO. 2, 128–138
Glenn S. Fleisig, Walter A. Laughlin, Kyle T. Aune, E. Lyle Cain, Jeffrey R.
Dugas & James R. Andrews
Conclusions
結論
There were no differences in shoulder and elbow kinetics between fastballs
and curveballs,regardless of level of competition. Kinetic values were lower
in change-ups than in fastballs. Thus, this study—along with previous
biomechanical and epidemiologic studies—does not support the theory that
curveballs are more stressful and dangerous than fastballs, particularly for
youth pitchers.
在生物力學在各個層級上投曲球跟速球對肩膀跟手肘施加的力量一樣,
而變速球比曲球跟速球不傷手
這研究跟之前的研究都表示 曲球不會比速球來得傷手,特別對小朋友來說
Kinematic differences were observed between pitch types. In particular, body
joint positions at the instant at ball release were significantly different
between the fastball, curveball, and change-up. It is unknown whether these
small, but statistically significant differences are visually detectable by
batters.
運動學的差異可在不同球種中發現,特別是關節在放球時特別明顯
不清楚這些微小動作但是在統計上很明顯的差異是不是可以被打者肉眼觀察到