課程名稱︰經濟學原理與實習下
課程性質︰必修
課程教師︰駱明慶
開課學院：社會科學院
開課系所︰經濟學系
考試日期（年月日）︰102.06.17
考試時限（分鐘）：110
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
經濟學原理與實習下期末考 請記得寫上學號、系級、姓名, 作答時請標清楚題號。
一、選擇題 (45%): 不需說明, 寫出正確答案即可。
1. If a central bank rapidly increases the money supply, it would undermine
the ability of money to serve as a
(a) medium of exchange.
(b) unit of account.
(c) store of value.
(d) unit of account, store of value, and medium of exchange.
2. Commercial banks create money by
(a) issuing currency.
(b) calling in loans.
(c) extending loans backed by deposits.
(d) accepting demand deposits.
3. When the money market is drawn with the value of money on the vertical axis,
as the price level increases, the value of money
(a) increases, so the quantity of money demanded increases.
(b) increases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases.
(c) decreases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases.
(d) decreases, so the quantity of money demanded increases.
4. Which of the following is not implied by the quantity equation?
(a) If velocity is stable, an increase in the money supply creates a
proportional increase in nominal output.
(b) If velocity is stable and money is neutral, an increase in the money supply
creates a proportional increase in the price level.
(c) With constant money supply and output, an increase in velocity creates an
increase in the price level.
(d) With constant money supply and velocity, an increase in output creates a
proportional increase in the price level.
5. Given a nominal interest rate of 8%, in which of the following cases would
you earn the highest after-tax real interest rate?
(a) Inflation is 5%, and the tax rate is 20%.
(b) Inflation is 4%, and the tax rate is 30%.
(c) Inflation is 3%, and the tax rate is 40%.
(d) The after-tax real interest rate is the same for all of the above.
6. Jenny, a U.S. citizen, exchanges some dollars for British pounds, and uses
these British pounds to purchase a bond issued by a British firm. This exchange
(a) decreases U.S. net capital outflow.
(b) increases U.S. net capital outflow by more than the value of the bond.
(c) increases U.S. net capital outflow by the value of the bond.
(d) does not change British net capital outflow.
7. The country of Freedonia has a GDP of $2,100, consumption of $1,200, and
government purchases of $400. This implies that it has
(a) domestic investment of $500.
(b) domestic investment plus net capital outflow of $500.
(c) domestic investment minus net capital outflow of $500.
(d) None of the above is correct.
8. If purchasing-power parity holds, a U.S. dollar will buy
(a) one unit of each foreign currency.
(b) foreign currency equal to the U.S. price level divided by the foreign
country’s price level.
(c)enough foreign currency to buy as many goods as it does in the United States.
(d) None of the above is implied by purchasing-power parity.
9. An economic contraction caused by a shift in aggregate demand remedies
itself over time as the expected price level
(a) rises, shifting aggregate demand right.
(b) rises, shifting aggregate demand left.
(c) falls, shifting aggregate supply right.
(d) falls, shifting aggregate supply left.
10. Which of the following will make the aggregate demand curve steeper?
(a) An increase in investment spending.
(b) A decrease in the sensitivity of investment to the interest rate.
(c) An increase in the sensitivity of investment to the interest rate.
(d) A decrease in investment spending.
11. Assume there is a multiplier effect and some crowding out. An increase in
government expenditures changes aggregate demand more,
(a)the smaller the MPC and the stronger the influence of income on money demand.
(b)the smaller the MPC and the weaker the influence of income on money demand.
(c)the larger the MPC and the stronger the influence of income on money demand.
(d)the larger the MPC and the weaker the influence of income on money demand.
12. If the short-run Phillips curve were stable, which of the following would
be unusual?
(a) an increase in government spending and a fall in unemployment
(b) an increase in inflation and a decrease in output
(c) a decrease in the inflation rate and a rise in the unemployment rate
(d) a decrease in the money supply and a rise in unemployment.
13. The economy will move to a point on the short-run Phillips curve where
unemployment is lower
(a) if the inflation rate decreases.
(b) if the government increases its expenditures.
(c) if the Fed decreases the money supply.
(d) None of the above is correct.
14. If the Fed announced a policy to reduce inflation and people found it
credible, the short-run Phillips curve would shift
(a) right and the sacrifice ratio would fall.
(b) right and the sacrifice ratio would rise.
(c) left and the sacrifice ratio would fall.
(d) left and the sacrifice ratio would rise.
15. Senator Me first argues that the Fed should do more to fight unemployment.
He argues that if the Fed increased the money supply faster, more workers
would find jobs. The Senator’s argument
(a) is completely correct.
(b) is completely wrong.
(c) is true for the short run but not the long run.
(d) is true for the long run but not the short run.
二、非選擇題 (55%): 答題時請適當說明你的想法, 答案內容以讓批改者瞭解為原則。
1. (10%)
桃花源的人們以現金和活期存款持有所有的貨幣, 其通貨淨額占存款貨幣的比例為α,
銀行保有的準備率 (reserve ratio) 為β。
(a) (4%)
請證明桃花源的貨幣乘數 (money multiplier) 。
(b) (3%)
假設桃花源的信用卡使用變得更普及, 接受信用卡交易的店家也變多了。
請問這對桃花源的貨幣乘數的影響為何?
(c) (3%)
假設桃花源所有銀行都不持有超額準備 (excess reserves)。
請問此時央行若調降法定準備率 (required reserve ratio), 貨幣乘數會如何變動?
2. (15%) 回答下列問題。
(a) (5%)
假設日圓匯率為 1 美元兌換 100 日圓; 而在日本售價 100 日圓的商品, 在美國售價為
1.5 美元。請問日圓兌美元的實質匯率為何 (作答時,請寫清楚單位)? 依照購買力平價說,
套利行為將使日本物價、美國物價、日圓的名目匯率如何調整?
(b) (5%)
在長期, 實施進口配額政策 (import quota) 對一國實質利率、投資支出、淨資本流出
、實質匯率、淨出口的影響為何?
(c) (5%)
假設立法院正在考慮一項投資稅負抵減的法案, 這相當於在補貼國內投資。 然而,國內
一些大出口商並不領情, 並遊說立委抵制這項法案。 請問出口商為什麼會反對這項法案?
3. (15%) 回答下列問題。
(a) (5%)
短期時, 政府減少定額稅對產出、物價水準和名目利率有什麼影響?
(b) (5%)
短期時, 央行若贖回政府公債, 對產出、物價水準和名目利率有什麼影響?
(c) (5%)
重貼現率 (discount rate) 是銀行向央行借錢的利率。長期時,央行若調降重貼現率,
對產出、物價水準和名目利率有什麼影響?
4. (15%)
桃花源的生產函數為Y =8√L, 因此其勞動需求為W/P=4/√L, 其中Y為總產出,L為勞動量,
W為名目工資, P為物價水準。 桃花源的勞動供給為L=25。
(a) (3%)
長期時名目工資和物價水準皆能自由調整。請問長期時勞動市場的均衡實質工資(W/P)
和勞動雇用量為何?
(b) (3%)
請寫出桃花源的長期總合供給函數。
(c) (3%)
短期時名目工資無法調整, W固定為$1。試求桃花源的短期總合供給函數。
(d) (3%)
承上題,假設桃花源的總合需求函數為Y=48-8P。請問短期均衡時的物價水準、實質工資
和總產出各為多少?
(e) (3%)
承上題, 請問當桃花源達到長期均衡時, 物價水準、總產出和名目工資各為多少?