課程名稱︰經濟學乙一
課程性質︰政治系必帶
課程教師︰許誠哲
開課學院：社科院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰2016/11/11
考試時限（分鐘）：90分鐘（吧？）
試題 :
Part I：單選題，回答選項即可，不需說明。每題三分，共60分。
1. Which of the following will hold true if the market for cameras is in
equilibrium at a price of $40?
A) Sellers of cameras will have an incentive to charge a price higher than
$40.
B) The quantity of cameras produced will equal the quantity of cameras bought
in the market.
C) Buyers of cameras will want to buy fewer cameras than they are purchasing
at equilibrium.
D) If the cost of producing cameras falls below $40 per camera, all sellers
will stop supplying cameras.
2. A student has two options: she can either surf the web, or work part-time.
Working part-time pays her $20 per hour. What is the student's opportunity
cost of surfing the web for 5 hours?
A) $4
B) $20
C) $50
D) $100
3. If a job pays a wage of $50 per hour, but has a non-wage cost valued at $20
per hour, the net benefit of taking the job equals:
A) $2.5 per hour.
B) $20 per hour.
C) $30 per hour.
D) $70 per hour
4. Causation occurs when:
A) two variables tend to move in the same direction.
B) two variables tend to move in opposite directions.
C) change in one variable is the reason for the change in another variable.
D) change in one variable does not cause any change in another variable.
5. Which of the following relationships is likely to exhibit negative
correlation?
A) The relationship between amount saved with a bank and the interest earned
B) The relationship between level of professional training and unemployment
C) The relationship between inflation in the U.S. and traffic congestion in
China
D) The relationship between the amount of precipitation in a year and the
number of umbrellas sold
6. Which of the following is an example of a natural experiment?
A) A laboratory research on the effectiveness of solar power as an
alternative source of fuel
B) A research on the effectiveness of a new medicine among some voluntary
participants
C) A research on the effect of air pollution on lung disorders by observing
the health conditions of people who stay close to industrial areas and those
who stay away from industries
D) A study on the benefits of regular exercise by paying for the membership
fees at fitness clubs for one-half of the participants
7. Which of the following is NOT a step involved in optimization in levels?
A) Calculating the total net benefit of each alternative
B) Choosing the alternative with the highest net benefit
C) Converting all costs and benefits into a common value of measurement
D) Calculating the marginal consequences of moving between alternatives
8. If an alternative provides a benefit of $8 to an individual at a cost of $6,
the net benefits of the alternative equal:
A) $0.75.
B) $2.
C) $14.
D) $48
9. Among a set of alternatives with the same benefits, an individual is said to
optimize if she chooses an alternative that:
A) has the lowest total cost.
B) has the highest total cost.
C) has the highest indirect cost.
D) has the lowest opportunity cost.
10. Which of the following statements correctly describes a competitive market?
A) Buyers and sellers negotiate prices before making exchanges.
B) The market price for the same good varies from seller to seller.
C) Sometimes, a single seller has the ability to dictate the market price.
D) The market price is determined by the interaction of demand and supply
11. The Law of Demand states that:
A) the demand for a commodity is mostly influenced by consumers' income.
B) the demand for a commodity always equals the supply of the commodity.
C) the quantity demanded of a commodity varies inversely with the price of
the commodity.
D) the quantity demanded of a commodity is the same for all consumers in a
perfectly competitive market.
12. Which of the following examples best describes the Law of Supply?
A) When the cost of production of cotton fell, the market price of cotton
also fell.
B) When the market price of pens increased, sellers started supplying more
pens.
C) When the market price of pens increased, sellers started supplying fewer
pens.
D) When the cost of production of cotton increased, all suppliers'
willingness to accept decreased.
13. Which of the following examples best describes the Law of Diminishing
Marginal Benefit?
A) If the weather gets cold, the demand for ice cream will fall.
B) With each additional pen Jill buys, her willingness to pay for another pen
decreases.
C) Each additional unit of ice cream that John consumes gives him more and
more satisfaction.
D) If a seller of notebooks in a perfectly competitive market charges above
the market price, his profit decreases.
14. A buyer is said to be a price taker if she:
A) can bargain over the prices of the goods she consumes.
B) can purchase any amount of a good at a fixed price provided she has the
money to pay for it.
C) always pays less than the market-determined price for the goods she is
consuming.
D) ignores the prices of related goods and considers only the price of the
goods she is purchasing.
15. The slope of a budget constraint represents:
A) the price of the good measured along the horizontal axis.
B) the price of the good measured along the vertical axis.
C) the opportunity cost of one good in terms of another.
D) the money income of the consumer.
16. An optimizing consumer has to choose between two goods–Good A priced at PA
and Good B priced at PB. Given that MBA is the marginal benefit from
consuming Good A and MBB is the marginal benefit from consuming Good B, the
consumer's wellbeing will be maximized at the point where:
A) MBA = MBB.
B) MBA/PB=MBB/PA.
C) MBA/PA = MBB/PB.
D) MBA = MBB/PB.
17. Which of the following examples best describes the concept of free entry?
A) Jack has an old cell phone that he wants to sell. He opens an account on
eBay and auctions it off.
B) Purecircuit Corp. wants to expand its production, so it doubles its annual
recruitment.
C) To increase its market share, System Corp. decides to charge a price lower
than the market price.
D) The government enters the market to correct any shortage or surplus in the
market for gasoline.
18. A firm produces 200 units of a good when it employs 7 workers. The marginal
product of the eighth worker is 46 units. If the eighth worker is hired, the
firm's total product will increase to:
A) 208 units.
B) 228 units.
C) 246 units.
D) 322 units.
19. The marginal cost curve intersects:
A) the total cost curve at its minimum.
B) the average fixed cost curve at its maximum.
C) the average fixed cost curve at its minimum.
D) both the average variable cost curve and the average total cost curve at
their minimum.
20. Which of the following relationships correctly identifies the profit
maximization condition of a firm in a perfectly competitive market?
A) Marginal cost < Price = Marginal revenue
B) Marginal cost > Price = Marginal revenue
C) Marginal cost = Price = Marginal revenue
D) Marginal cost = Price < Marginal revenue
解答：
1. BDCCB
6. CDBAD
11. CBBBD
16. CACDC
Part II. 非選擇題
Problem 1(10%)
From the information provided in the following table, determine the optimal
bundle that the comsumer with an incomer of $34 must choose to maximize his
well-being.
　－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
｜Quantity｜Pen(s)($2 per unit)｜Notebook(s)($4 per unit)｜
｜　　　　｜Total Benefits　　 ｜Total Benefits　　　　　｜
　－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
｜0　　　 ｜0　　　　　　　　　｜0　　　　　　　　　　　 ｜
｜1　　　 ｜10　　　　　　　　 ｜19　　　　　　　　　　　｜
｜2　　　 ｜18　　　　　　　　 ｜38　　　　　　　　　　　｜
｜3　　　 ｜25　　　　　　　　 ｜52　　　　　　　　　　　｜
｜4 　　　｜31　　　　　　　　 ｜60　　　　　　　　　　　｜
｜5　　　 ｜36　　　　　　　　 ｜66　　　　　　　　　　　｜
｜6　　　 ｜40　　　　　　　　 ｜70　　　　　　　　　　　｜
｜7　　　 ｜43　　　　　　　　 ｜72　　　　　　　　　　　｜
｜8　　 　｜44　　　　　　　　 ｜73　　　　　　　　　　　｜
　－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
Problem 2(10%)
Using graphs, explain how the equilbrium price and quantity of laptops will
chang when:
1. The demand curve for laptops shifts rightward without any chang in the
supply curve.
2. The demand curve for laptops shifts right and the supply curve for laptops
shift left. The shift in the demand curve is greater than the shift in the
supply curve.
Problem 3(10%)
Kevin is a student who is yet to join a university. In the evening, he takes
music lessons. Kevin has to decide on an apartment to rent. The apartment
should be at a sutable distance from two place: his university, and from his
music classes. The commuting time from apartment in four different location
to both destinations are shown in the table below. Given that Kevin's
opportunity cost of time is $10 per hour, find his optimun choice using:
1. optimization in levels.
2. optimization in differences.
　－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
｜Apartment｜Commuting Time ｜Commuting Time ｜Rent($ per month)｜
｜　　　　 ｜to University ｜to Music Classes ｜　　　　　　　　 ｜
｜ ｜(hours per month)｜(hours per month)｜ 　｜
　－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
｜1 ｜10　　　　　　　 ｜10　　　　　　　 ｜2500　　　　　　 ｜
｜2 ｜16　　　　　　　 ｜24　　　　　　　 ｜2200　　　　　　 ｜
｜3　　　　｜36　　　　　　　 ｜24　　　　　　　 ｜1900　　　　　　 ｜
｜4　　　　｜45　　　　　　　 ｜35　　　　　　　 ｜1800　　　　　　 ｜
　－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
Problem 4(10%)
Given the following cost and revenue figures, estimate the profile maximizing
output assumng that the firm is participating in a competitive market. If the
price is $10:
1. What is the fixed cost that the firm faces?
2. What is the maxinum possible profit
　－－－－－－－－－－－－－
｜Quantity Sold｜Total Cost｜
　－－－－－－－－－－－－－
｜0　　　　　　｜15　　　　｜
｜1　　　　　　｜18　　　　｜
｜2　　　　　　｜22　　　　｜
｜3　　　　　　｜27　　　　｜
｜4　　　　　　｜33　　　　｜
｜5　　　　　　｜41　　　　｜
｜6　　　　　　｜51　　　　｜
｜7　　　　　　｜62　　　　｜
　－－－－－－－－－－－－－