※ 引述《neohippie (米國聖光肥魯八嘎囧)》之銘言:
: ※ 引述《DarkHolbach (宇智boyo)》之銘言:
: : 看環境怎樣啊,就像飢荒年代,可能帶有肥胖基因的人比較有利生存,但在食物過剩
: : 的年代就是不適者。
: : 同樣的,癌症基因在某些環境可能有利生存,但是在某些環境下可能不利生存,沒有
: : 絕對。
: 癌症患者會不會死亡? 沒有外力介入下會死亡,跟我解釋一下癌症患者在哪種
: 環境下有利生存。
癌症事實上未必沒有治療就會死,實際上還有那種跟癌症共存幾十年然後沒事的人。
: : 這就像鐮狀紅血球病患一樣,雖然那種基因有某種程度上的弱勢,但在瘧疾的環境下
: : 又有某種優勢存在,所以讓他們不會被環境淘汰。
: : 為什麼要把癌症基因跟癌症病患分開來看?難道癌症基因可以脫離人存在嗎?既然癌症
: : 基因可以帶來某種生存優勢,那就算這種基因容易致癌,也不至於讓癌症患者被環境
: : 淘汰,就像前面講的鐮狀紅血球的案例一樣,你應該去翻國中生物課本。
: 不是分開,而是論述本就是「癌症患者非適者」。
: 你好像搞不清楚狀況。癌症基本上就是一種突變。突變有沒有可能有利生存? 有,
: 突變機制當然有可能有利生存。問題是癌症患者就是失敗、要被淘汰的突變阿。
: 你以為所有突變都是好棒棒、好成功的喔? 不要搞笑好嗎?
: 你跟我解釋患癌症如何增加生存機率。
不是患癌症增加生存機率,而是某些能夠增加生存機率的基因,也可能會帶來癌症這種
副作用,你只看到罹患癌症這一面,可是卻忽略這種基因可以帶來的適應,就像鐮狀
紅血球的基因同時帶來生存優勢跟劣勢一樣。
: : 又把癌症基因跟患者分開來看了,這就好像把鐮狀紅血球基因跟鐮狀紅血球患者分開來看
: : 一樣好笑,我再重複一遍,癌症基因可能會帶來某些不利生存的因素,但也會帶來某些
: : 有利生存的因素,這讓這種基因不會被環境淘汰,畢竟演化只是個補鍋匠,很多時候只是
: : 「兩害相權取其輕」。
: : 你對達爾文的引用最大的問題你知道是甚麼嗎?斷章取義,你引用他前面講的
: : Thus the weak members of civilized societies propagate their kind. No one
: : who has attended to the breeding of domestic animals will doubt that
: : this must behighly injurious to the race of man. It is surprising how
: : soon a want of care, orcare wrongly directed, leads to the degeneration
: : of a domestic race; but excepting in the case of man himself, hardly
: : any one is so ignorant as to allow his worst animals to breed.
: : 試圖要營造他支持社會達爾文論述的形象。
: : 可是他在後面明明有講
: : The aid which we feel impelled to give to the helpless is mainly an
: : incidental result of the instinct of sympathy, which was originally acquired
: : as part of the social instincts, but subsequently rendered, in the manner
: : previously indicated, more tender and more widely diffused. Nor could we
: : check our sympathy, even at the urging of hard reason, without deterioration
: : in the noblest part of our nature. The surgeon may harden himself whilst
: : performing an operation, for he knows that he is acting for the good of his
: : patient; but if we were intentionally to neglect the weak and helpless, it
: : could only be for a contingent benefit, with an overwhelming present evil.
: : Hence we must bear without complaining the undoubtedly bad effects of the
: : weak surviving and propagating their kind; but there appears to be at least
: : one check in steady action, namely the weaker and inferior members of society
: : not marrying so freely as the sound; and this check might be indefinitely
: : increased, though this is more to be hoped for than expected.
: : 怎麼這一大段話就被你狠狠無視了呢?你要裝傻多久?
: : 甚至後面這段達爾文的語氣還比前面強烈,前面反而只是在講一種現象,後面可是很強
: : 烈的道德呼籲喔:
: : but if we were intentionally to neglect the weak and helpless, it
: : could only be for a contingent benefit, with an overwhelming present evil.
: : Hence we must bear without complaining the undoubtedly bad effects of the
: : weak surviving and propagating their kind.
: : 翻譯翻譯,這是啥意思。
: DH,你的問題是,你英文程度實在太差了,而且很懶惰。
: 你要我翻下面那段喔? 可以阿。他大意是啥勒:
: 我們人類需要忍耐、不要抱怨這種絕對有害 (undoubtedly bad effects)
: 人類物種生存、對弱小個體的憐恤。雖然這是有害的,但好佳再,社會上ㄧ些低劣
: (inferior)個體很有可能找不到結婚對象,所以低劣基因傳遞會被控制。
: 你是指這段的「道德」呼籲喔? 要對低劣個體忍耐,雖然這有害人類物種生存。
: 這種道德喔? 有沒有符合演化論? 如果有,達爾文為甚麼會說這是有害人類的、
: 是愚蠢的?
如果他真的主張弱者應該被放任不管,怎麼又會說
but if we were intentionally to neglect the weak and helpless, it
could only be for a contingent benefit, with an overwhelming present
evil.
你要黑他也不是這樣隨便黑的。
達爾文說那是有害的,但他可沒有說要放任這些人死去啊,看來他也很明白科學
事實不能當道德指引。
事實上他後面還有一段話:
In every country in which a large standing army is kept up, the finest young
men are taken by the conscription or are enlisted. They are thus exposed to
early death during war, are often tempted into vice, and are prevented from
marrying during the prime of life. On the other hand the shorter and feebler
men, with poor constitutions, are left at home, and consequently have a much
better chance of marrying and propagating their kind.
意思就是說戰爭時代勇健的年輕人反而會因為被抓去當兵而早死無法留下後代,然後
體質比較弱的反而可能因此逃過死結而留下後代。
所以比較強的就能留下後代嗎?未必,畢竟是適者生存不是強者生存。
: 真的是搞不清楚狀況。孩子,不要鬧了好嗎? 你真的搞錯了。
: : 所以你覺得科學無神論都信Sam Harris那套?別鬧了,我們還有其他非宗教的道德來源啊
: : ,少自大了好嗎?
: : 我那時候可沒有把話說死說從此不來喔,嘻嘻。
: : 鐮狀紅血球的案例,罰你抄一千遍。