原文:However, the system may never operate from the external oscillator if the
time spent awake is very short.
想請問，the time spent awake 是整個名詞嗎? 還是是 the time which is spent awake
的縮寫? 可是這樣看起來還是怪怪的

是省略 which is 沒錯，我想如果以主動句型會類似：S + spend(s) + the time + awakeawake 應該算補語表狀態